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Epidemiology of Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease in India

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Dr Rajeev Gupta, Jaipur    21 August 2022

  • Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most important cause of disease burden and premature mortality in India. 
  • The IHD burden is increasing, in contrast to most high- and middle-income countries. 
  • There is significant geographic variation in its incidence and deaths. 
  • Risk factors of importance are raised total and non-HDL-C, hypertension, diabetes, tobacco, indoor pollution and unhealthy lifestyles. 
  • Multifactorial approach is required to prevent and control the IHD epidemic. 
  • Prevention of IHD:
  • Lifestyle modification – tobacco control, pollution, healthy diet, physical activity, yoga
  • Risk factor management – LDL cholesterol, TGs, blood pressure (BP), diabetes
  • Improving clinical inertia, adherence, control of multiple factors – combination of BP therapy + statins (polypill)
  • Long-term adherence – patient support + NPHW + Education + polypill
  • Focus on social, economic and political determinants – sustainable development goals, pollution control.

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